What are the 9 types of dangerous goods?

1, Explosive materials
Explosives refer to substances and items that can undergo violent chemical reactions under external forces such as heat, impact, friction, etc., instantly producing a large amount of gas and heat, causing a sharp increase in surrounding pressure and resulting in explosions. This type of goods includes explosives, detonators, fuses, fireworks and firecrackers, etc. Due to its extremely high destructive power and danger, the storage, transportation, and management of explosives must strictly comply with relevant regulations to ensure safety.
2, Gas
Gas dangerous goods mainly include compressed gases, liquefied gases, and dissolved gases. These gases are in a gaseous state at room temperature and pressure, but can be compressed or liquefied under pressurized or cooled conditions. According to the properties of gases, dangerous goods containing gases can be further divided into flammable gases (such as hydrogen and acetylene), non flammable gases (such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide), and toxic gases (such as carbon monoxide and chlorine). Special attention should be paid to preventing leaks and explosions during the storage and transportation of gas hazardous goods.
3, Flammable liquid
Flammable liquids refer to liquids with a closed cup flash point below 60 ℃, which are highly flammable and volatile. Common flammable liquids include gasoline, diesel, kerosene, alcohol, etc. Flammable liquids should be stored and transported away from sources of fire and heat, and effective fire and explosion prevention measures should be taken.
4, Flammable solids, substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion, or substances that release flammable gases when in contact with water
This type of dangerous goods includes flammable solids (such as red phosphorus, magnesium powder), substances that are prone to spontaneous combustion (such as yellow phosphorus, oilcloth), and substances that release flammable gases when in contact with water (such as calcium carbide, metallic sodium). These substances require special attention to moisture, heat, and fire prevention during storage and transportation to avoid causing fires or explosions.
5, Oxidative substances and organic peroxides
Oxidative substances refer to substances that do not burn themselves, but can release oxygen and cause the combustion of other substances. Organic peroxides refer to organic compounds containing peroxide groups (- O-O -) in their molecules. Both of these substances have strong oxidizing properties and can react violently with combustibles, releasing a large amount of heat and causing fires or explosions. Therefore, special attention should be paid to fire and explosion prevention during storage and transportation.
6, Toxic and infectious substances
Toxic substances refer to substances that accumulate in a certain amount after entering an organism and can undergo biochemical or biophysical reactions with body fluids and tissues, disrupting or destroying the normal physiological functions of the organism, causing temporary or persistent pathological changes, and even endangering life. Infectious substances refer to substances containing known or suspected pathogenic microorganisms. These two types of substances require special attention to prevent leakage and contamination during storage and transportation, in order to avoid harm to human health and the environment.
7, Radioactive material
Radioactive material refers to substances that can spontaneously emit radiation (such as alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, etc.). These rays have a destructive effect on human cells, and long-term exposure may lead to diseases such as cancer. Strict protective measures must be taken during the storage and transportation of radioactive materials to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment.
8, Corrosive substances
Corrosive substances refer to substances that can burn human tissues and cause damage to metal and other objects. These substances usually have strong oxidizing or reducing properties, can react chemically with the substances they come into contact with, and release a large amount of heat. Special attention should be paid to preventing leakage and contact with sensitive areas such as skin or eyes during the storage and transportation of corrosive substances.
9, Miscellaneous hazardous substances and items
Miscellaneous hazardous substances and items refer to other hazardous substances and items other than the eight categories mentioned above. These substances may have various hazards (such as flammability, explosiveness, toxicity, corrosion, etc.), and may also cause harm to the environment (such as polluting water sources, soil, etc.). Therefore, corresponding protective measures should be taken according to the specific situation during storage and transportation.