What are the packaging requirements for dangerous goods?

1, Packaging materials and types

The packaging material and type of dangerous goods must be suitable for their properties. According to the degree of danger of the goods, packaging can be classified into different levels, such as Level I (high danger), Level II (medium danger), and Level III (low danger). The packaging requirements vary for goods of different grades.

Metal packaging: suitable for high-risk goods such as flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful. Metal packaging has the advantages of high strength, corrosion resistance, and good sealing, which can effectively prevent cargo leakage.

Plastic packaging: suitable for goods with low corrosiveness and no explosion hazard. Plastic packaging is light and easy to process, but its temperature resistance and aging resistance should be paid attention to.

Paper packaging: mainly used for packaging solid dangerous goods, such as matches, gunpowder, etc. Paper packaging needs to have certain strength and moisture resistance.

Wooden packaging: suitable for packaging large and heavy hazardous materials, such as chemical drums, oil drums, etc. Wooden packaging needs to undergo anti-corrosion treatment to prevent insect infestation and decay.

Composite material packaging: It is composed of multiple materials and has various excellent properties, such as high strength, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. Suitable for packaging various dangerous goods.

2, Packaging structure requirements

The packaging structure of dangerous goods must be strong enough to withstand various impacts, vibrations, and pressures during transportation. At the same time, the packaging also needs to have a certain degree of sealing to prevent the leakage of goods.

The design of packaging containers should be reasonably designed based on factors such as the nature of the goods, transportation mode, and transportation distance. Containers should have a certain strength and rigidity, and be able to withstand the pressure during loading, unloading, stacking, and other processes.

Sealing performance of packaging containers: For flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful goods, packaging containers must have good sealing performance. The container mouth should be sealed with sealing gasket, sealant and other materials to prevent gas and liquid leakage.

Protective measures for packaging containers: For goods that are prone to corrosion, oxidation, etc., corresponding protective measures should be added to the packaging container, such as coating with anti rust paint, adding antioxidants, etc.

The size and shape of packaging containers should be reasonably selected based on the nature of the goods, transportation methods, and storage conditions. Large or irregularly shaped packaging containers can increase the difficulty of transportation and storage.

3, Packaging testing and inspection

To ensure that the packaging of dangerous goods complies with relevant standards and requirements, strict testing and inspection must be conducted. The content of testing and inspection includes the strength, sealing, corrosion resistance, impact resistance, etc. of packaging containers.

Drop test: Simulate the possible drop situations that packaging containers may encounter during transportation to test their strength and impact resistance.

Stacking test: Simulate the stacking pressure that packaging containers may encounter during storage to test their load-bearing capacity and stability.

Vibration testing: Simulate the vibration situations that packaging containers may encounter during transportation to test their anti vibration ability.

Sealing test: By injecting gas or liquid into the packaging container, the sealing performance is tested.

Corrosion resistance test: For goods that are prone to corrosion, a corrosion resistance test should be conducted to inspect the corrosion resistance of the packaging container.

4, Packaging identification and labeling

The packaging of dangerous goods must be clearly marked and labeled to warn transportation personnel and the environment of safety. The content of identification and labeling includes the name, nature, hazard level, protective measures, etc. of the goods.

Dangerous goods identification: Use corresponding dangerous goods identification based on the nature of the goods, such as flammable and explosive identification, toxic and harmful identification, etc.

Packaging category identification: Use the corresponding packaging category identification based on the type and grade of the packaging container.

Transportation direction identification: For goods with special transportation requirements, such as liquid dangerous goods, the correct transportation direction should be indicated, such as the "upward" sign.

Warning text instructions: Indicate the nature, hazard level, protective measures, and other text instructions of the goods on the packaging to remind transportation personnel to pay attention to safety.

UN number: For dangerous goods transported internationally, their UN number should be indicated for international identification and supervision.

5, Other precautions

Cleaning and drying of packaging containers: Before packaging, the packaging containers should be thoroughly cleaned and dried to prevent impurities from reacting with the goods and causing safety accidents.

Inspection and maintenance of packaging containers: During transportation and storage, packaging containers should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure that they are in good condition.

The correct use of packaging containers: Proper operation should be carried out according to the instructions of the packaging container to avoid safety accidents caused by improper use.

Recycling and disposal of packaging containers: Used packaging containers should be recycled and disposed of in accordance with relevant regulations to prevent environmental pollution.