What packaging grade does dangerous goods belong to?

1, Classification of dangerous goods

According to the "Classification Principles for Transport Packaging of Dangerous Goods" (GB/T 15098-94) and relevant regulatory standards, dangerous goods are classified into nine categories based on their degree of danger, namely:

Explosives: Explosive materials that may cause explosions and cause significant damage during transportation.

Gas: including compressed gas, liquefied gas, etc., with characteristics such as flammability, explosiveness, and toxicity.

Flammable liquids: low flash point, easy to burn, such as gasoline, diesel, etc.

Flammable solids, substances prone to spontaneous combustion, and substances that release flammable gases upon contact with water: including flammable solids, self igniting substances, and reactive substances upon contact with water, which may cause fires or explosions under specific conditions.

Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides: They have strong oxidizing properties and can react violently with flammable substances, causing fires or explosions.

Toxic and infectious substances: Harmful to human health, may cause poisoning or infection.

Radioactive substances: can spontaneously emit radiation, causing radiation damage to the human body and the environment.

Corrosive substances: can corrode metals, skin, etc., causing damage.

Miscellaneous hazardous substances and items: including environmentally hazardous substances, which may have multiple hazards.

2, Packaging grade of dangerous goods

According to the characteristics of dangerous goods, their packaging is divided into three levels, namely:

Type I packaging: The goods are highly hazardous and require high packaging strength. This type of packaging is typically used to contain highly hazardous substances such as explosives, some flammable liquids, and oxidizing substances. Type I packaging must be able to withstand extremely high pressure and impact to ensure that there is no leakage or explosion during transportation.

Class II packaging: The goods have moderate danger and require high packaging strength. This type of packaging is usually used to contain moderately hazardous substances, such as partially flammable liquids, flammable solids, and corrosive substances. Class II packaging requires a certain level of strength and sealing to prevent material leakage or fire hazards.

Class III packaging: The goods have a low level of danger and the packaging strength requirements are generally average. This type of packaging is usually used to contain mildly hazardous substances, such as some flammable liquids, substances that release flammable gases when in contact with water, and certain toxic substances. Although Class III packaging has relatively low strength requirements, it still needs to meet certain standards and requirements to ensure safety during transportation.

3, Packaging form of dangerous goods

There are various forms of packaging for dangerous goods, including but not limited to the following:

Steel packaging: such as steel drums, oil drums, etc., with high strength and corrosion resistance, suitable for containing highly hazardous substances.

Aluminum packaging: such as aluminum drums, with light weight and good sealing, suitable for containing some flammable liquids and corrosive substances.

Plastic packaging, such as plastic drums, plastic oil drums, etc., has a relatively light weight and good corrosion resistance, but relatively low strength, suitable for containing mildly hazardous substances.

Wooden packaging: such as wooden packaging boxes, which have certain strength and cushioning properties, suitable for containing some solid hazardous substances.

Composite packaging: such as composite packaging with plastic inner layer and steel outer layer, which combines the advantages of multiple materials and is suitable for containing various hazardous substances.

4, International standards for packaging of dangerous goods

The transportation and packaging of dangerous goods are subject to several different international regulations. Among them, the United Nations' recommendations on the transportation of dangerous goods (often referred to as the "Orange Book") serve as the basis for the development of other dangerous goods regulations. In addition, there are relevant regulations developed by the HazMat hazardous substance management agency, the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT), the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

In the United States, applicable regulations are included in Title 49 of the Federal Regulations (49 CFR), which provides detailed requirements for the classification, packaging, labeling, labeling, and transportation of dangerous goods. In Europe, regulations such as ADR (European Agreement Concerning the International Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road) and RID (Regulations Governing the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail) also specify the transportation requirements for dangerous goods.

For air and sea transportation, specific requirements for dangerous goods air and sea transportation have been established by regulations such as ICAO-TI and IMDG. These regulations not only specify the classification and packaging requirements for dangerous goods, but also set safety operation requirements during transportation to ensure the safety of dangerous goods during transportation.